PREPARATION OF TAE BUFFER
Notes: TAE = tris acetate EDTA buffer TAE Buffer (50X) is a solution used in agarose gel electrophoresis experiments’ and it is typically used for […]
Genetics, Molecular Biology (Genetic Engineering)
GENES AND GENE EXPRESSION
Genes are sections of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that codes for the synthesis of a specific protein sequence in a cell. A gene is generally […]
OVERVIEW OF CODONS
Each possible set of three nucleotides (i.e. a codon) in the DNA is what specifies one particular amino acid, which in combination with other amino […]
STEPS INVOLVED IN TRANSFORMING BACTERIAL CELLS
There are different types of steps involved in the transformation of a bacterial cell in gene cloning techniques. Bacterial cells are transformed when they are […]
STEPS INVOLVED IN GENE CLONING
Gene cloning (both cell-based and in vitro technique) involves some series of procedures and these shall be highlighted in this unit. Gene cloning in general […]
GENE CLONING / CLONING
Cloning is a molecular biology technique which is used to make millions of copies of a particular gene of interest or a piece of DNA […]
BLOTTING TECHNIQUE: DEFINITION, TYPES AND PROCEDURE
Blotting is the molecular biology technique that allows molecular biologists to transfer the products of a PCR reaction (particularly nucleic acids and protein molecules) from […]
PCR TECHNIQUE: STEPS AND PROCESSES
PCR TECHNIQUE PCR is the acronym for “polymerase chain reaction”. Polymerase chain reaction is the molecular biology technique that is used to amplify or copy […]
PLASMIDS: definition, application and classification
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms; and that have the ability to replicate independently. In prokaryotes, plasmids are found […]
GENOMIC DNA: the main genetic material of the cell
Genomic DNA is the chromosomal DNA of the cell. It is the nucleic acid molecule that directs the reproductive and metabolic activities of the cell. […]
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS TECHNIQUE
The term “electrophoresis” refers to the movement of a solid particle (e.g. nucleic acids) through a polymer matrix or gel under the influence of electric […]